Polyacrylamide(PAM) flocculant ce ta kwayoyin halitta da ake amfani da ita sosai a fagen kula da ruwa. Ma'anar fasaha na PAM sun haɗa da ionicity, digiri na hydrolysis, nauyin kwayoyin halitta, da dai sauransu. Fahimtar waɗannan alamun zai taimaka muku da sauri zaɓi samfuran PAM tare da ƙayyadaddun bayanai masu dacewa.
Halitta
Lonicity yana nufin ko sarkar kwayoyin halittar PAM tana ɗauke da tabbataccen caji ko mara kyau. Matsayin ionization yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan tasirin flocculation na maganin ruwa. Gabaɗaya magana, mafi girman ionity, mafi kyawun tasirin flocculation. Wannan saboda sarƙoƙin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta na PAM na ionic suna ɗaukar ƙarin caji kuma suna iya ɗaukar ɓangarorin da aka dakatar da su, yana sa su taru tare don samar da manyan gungun.
Polyacrylamide an raba galibi zuwa nau'in anionic (APAM), cationic (CPAM), da nau'ikan da ba na ionic (NPAM) ba dangane da ionity na su. Waɗannan nau'ikan PAM guda uku suna da tasiri daban-daban. A cikin aikace-aikacen aikace-aikacen, ana buƙatar zaɓin ionity da ya dace bisa dalilai kamar ƙimar pH na ruwan da aka kula da su, electronegativity, da kuma tattara abubuwan da aka dakatar. Alal misali, don ruwan sharar acidic, PAM tare da mafi girma cationicity ya kamata a zaba; don ruwan sharar alkaline, PAM tare da babban anionicity ya kamata a zaɓi. Bugu da ƙari, don cimma sakamako mafi kyau na flocculation, ana iya samun shi ta hanyar haɗa PAM tare da digiri na ionic daban-daban.
Digiri na Hydrolysis (na APAM)
Matsayin hydrolysis na PAM yana nufin matakin hydrolysis na ƙungiyoyin amide akan sarkar kwayoyin sa. Ana iya rarraba matakin hydrolysis zuwa ƙananan, matsakaici, da manyan digiri na hydrolysis. PAM tare da digiri daban-daban na hydrolysis yana da kaddarorin da amfani daban-daban.
PAM tare da ƙaramin digiri na hydrolysis ana amfani dashi galibi don kauri da daidaitawa. Yana ƙara danko na bayani, ƙyale barbashi da aka dakatar don tarwatsa mafi kyau. Ana amfani da shi sosai wajen hako ruwa, sutura, da masana'antar abinci.
PAM tare da matsakaicin digiri na hydrolysis yana da sakamako mai kyau na flocculation kuma ya dace da jiyya mai ingancin ruwa daban-daban. Yana iya haɗa ɓangarorin da aka dakatar don samar da manyan flocs ta hanyar haɓakawa da daidaitawa, ta yadda za'a sami sulhu cikin sauri. Ana amfani da shi sosai a fannonin kula da najasa na birni, kula da ruwan sharar masana'antu, da bushewar sludge.
PAM tare da babban digiri na hydrolysis yana da ƙarfin adsorption da ikon canza launi kuma ana amfani dashi sau da yawa a cikin bugu da rini da maganin ruwa da sauran filayen. Yana iya yadda ya dace da kuma cire abubuwa masu cutarwa a cikin ruwa mai datti, kamar rini, karafa masu nauyi, da kwayoyin halitta, ta hanyar caji da ƙungiyoyin tallatawa akan sarkar polymer.
Nauyin Kwayoyin Halitta
Nauyin kwayoyin halitta na PAM yana nufin tsayin sarkar kwayoyin halitta. Gabaɗaya, mafi girman nauyin kwayoyin halitta, mafi kyawun tasirin flocculation na PAM. Wannan shi ne saboda babban nauyin kwayoyin PAM zai iya fi dacewa da lalata barbashi da aka dakatar, yana sa su taru don samar da manyan flocs. A lokaci guda, babban nauyin kwayoyin PAM yana da mafi kyawun haɗin gwiwa da haɗin kai, wanda zai iya inganta ƙarfi da kwanciyar hankali na floc.
A aikace aikace, nauyin kwayoyin PAM da aka yi amfani da shi don maganin najasa na birni da kuma kula da ruwan sharar masana'antu yana buƙatar buƙatu masu girma, gabaɗaya daga miliyoyin zuwa dubun miliyoyi. Abubuwan da ake buƙata na nauyin kwayoyin halitta na PAM da ake amfani da su don maganin bushewar sludge ba su da ɗanɗano, gabaɗaya daga miliyoyi zuwa dubun miliyoyi.
A ƙarshe, alamomi kamar ionity, digiri na hydrolysis, da nauyin kwayoyin halitta sune mahimman abubuwan da suka shafi tasirin aikace-aikacen PAM a cikin maganin ruwa. Lokacin zabar samfuran PAM, yakamata ku yi la'akari da ingancin ruwa kuma zaɓi bisa ga alamun fasaha na PAM don samun mafi kyawun tasirin flocculation, haɓaka inganci, da ingancin kula da ruwa.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-28-2024