Tsarin maganin ruwa da aikace-aikacen sunadarai
Baya
Tare da saurin ci gaban masana'antu, mahimmancin maganin ruwa a masana'antu na masana'antu yana ƙara bayyana. Jiyya na ruwa ba kawai mahimmancin haɗi bane don tabbatar da ingantaccen ci gaba na tsari, har ma da mahimmin ma'auni don biyan ka'idodin muhalli da buƙatun ci gaba da dorewa.
Nau'in magani
| Nau'in magani | Babban manufa | Babban abubuwan magani | Babban aiwatarwa. |
| Raw Ruwa ya ambaci | Biyan bukatun na ruwa ko masana'antu | Ruwan ruwa na asali | Timtration, kwalliya, coagulation. |
| Tsarin magani na ruwa | Haɗu da takamaiman bukatun tsari | Ruwa tsarin ruwa | Santsi, hangen nesa, deoxygenation. |
| Circulating maganin sanyaya ruwa | Tabbatar da aikin yau da kullun na kayan aiki | Circuling ruwan sanyi | Dosing magani. |
| Lura ba | Kare yanayin | Kwayar Masana'antu | Jiki na jiki, sunadarai, maganin halitta. |
| Magani na ruwa | Rage sabo ruwa amfani | Amfani da ruwa | Kama da jiyya na ruwa. |
An saba amfani da magani na magani na ruwa
| Jinsi | An yi amfani da sunadarai | Aiki |
| Wakili wakili | Pac, PAM, PDADMAC, plyadmac, polyamins, alumin sulfate, da sauransu. | Cire an dakatar da shi da kwayoyin halitta |
| Masu lalata | Irin su TCCA, SDIC, ozone, Chlorine Dioxide, alli hypochlorite, da sauransu | Kashe microorganisms cikin ruwa (kamar ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, fungi da protozoa) |
| pin Adjuster | Aminosulfonic acid, Naft, lemun tsami, sulfuric acid, da sauransu. | Tsara ruwa ph |
| Karfe ion | Edta, ion musayar musayar | Cire babban oney, kamar baƙin ƙarfe, jan ƙarfe, suna haifar da, cadmium, Mercury, nickel, da sauransu) da sauran ions mai cutarwa na karfe a ruwa |
| Kayayyaki | Organophosphosts, Orberoophosphorus Carboxylic acid | Hana kirkirar sikelin ta hanyar alli da magnesium. Hakanan yana da wani tasirin cire ions na karfe |
| Deoxidizer | Sidium sulfite, hydrazine, da sauransu. | Cire Nestolten oxrogen don hana lalata oxygen |
| Wakili wakili | Citric acid, sulfuric acid, riinosulfonic acid | Cire sikelin da impurities |
| Hadayu | ozone, fersulate, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen peroxide, da sauransu. | Rashin kamuwa da cuta, kawar da ƙazanta da haɓaka ingancin ruwa, da sauransu. |
| Mayu | kamar lemun tsami da sodium carbonate. | Yana cire hatsing ions (alli, magnesium ions) da rage haɗarin kirkirar sikelin |
| An tuhuma/Na antiftoam | Kashe ko cire kumfa | |
| Cirewa | Alli hypochlorite | Cire nh₃-n daga sharar gida don sanya shi biyan ka'idojin fitarwa |
Zamu iya wadata:
Jinshin ruwa na masana'antu yana nufin aiwatar da maganin maganin masana'antu da ruwan sanyi ta hanyar zahiri, sunadarai, nazarin halittu da sauran hanyoyin. Jiyya na ruwa na masana'antu shine tushen aikin samar da masana'antu, kuma mahimmancin sa a cikin bangarorin da suka biyo baya:
1.1 Tabbatar da ingancin samfurin
Cire ƙazanta cikin ruwa irin shi kamar ions na karfe, an dakatar da daskararru, da sauransu don saduwa da bukatun samarwa da tabbatar da ingancin samfuri.
Inhiitbit lalata: Nasso oxygen oxygen, carbon dioxide, da sauransu a ruwa na iya haifar da lalata kayan ƙarfe da rage rayuwar kayan aikin.
Gudanar da ƙwayoyin cuta: ƙwayoyin cuta, algae da sauran ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin ruwa na iya haifar da gurbataccen samfurin, shafar lafiyar samfur da amincin samfurin.
1.2 inganta ingancin samarwa
Rage Towntime: magani na ruwa na yau da kullun na iya hana kayan aiki da kuma lalata, rage yawan kayan aiki da sauyawa, kuma don haka inganta ingancin samarwa.
Inganta yanayin tsari: Ta hanyar maganin ruwa, ingancin ruwa wanda ke haɗuwa da buƙatun tsari don tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na samarwa.
1.3 rage farashin samarwa
Ajiye makamashi: ta hanyar magani na ruwa, ana iya rage yawan aikin kayan aiki da farashin samarwa.
Haske ƙirar: Hardness ions kamar alli da magnesium ions a cikin ruwa zai samar da sikeli, bi da ingancin kayan aiki, a rage ingancin zafi.
Tsawaita rayuwar kayan aiki: Rage lalata kayan aiki da kuma rashin ƙarfi, tsawaita rayuwar kayan aiki, da kuma rage farashin tsadar farashin kayan aiki.
Rage yawan amfani da abubuwa: ta hanyar magani na ruwa, ana iya rage arzikin biocides da kuma farashin samarwa.
Rage yawan kayan da ake amfani da su: ta hanyar magani na ruwa, sauran kayan abinci a cikin ruwan sharar gida da kuma sanya su ɓarnatar da kayan sharar gida da rage farashin kayayyaki.
1.4 Kare yanayin
Rage saukar da ɓarna: Bayan an kula da ruwan sharar masana'antu, ana iya rage maida hankali ga ɓarna masu gurbata kuma ana iya kiyaye yankin ruwa.
Ka fahimci sake dawo da albarkatun ruwa: ta hanyar magani, ana iya sake amfani da ruwa masana'antu da dogaro da sabbin albarkatun ruwa na ruwa.
1.5 bi ka'idojin muhalli
Haɗu da ka'idodi na masana'antu: sharar masana'antu dole ne ya sadu da ƙa'idodin ƙasashe na gida, da magani na ruwa muhimmin hanyoyi ne don cimma wannan burin.
A takaice, magani na ruwa mai ruwa ba kawai da alaƙa da ingancin samfurin da kuma ƙarfin samarwa ba, har ma da fa'idodin tattalin arziƙi da kuma kariya na tattalin arziƙi. Ta hanyar maganin kimiyyar ruwa da kuma m ruwa, mafi kyawun amfani da albarkatun ruwa za'a iya cimma shi kuma za'a iya inganta ci gaban masana'antu mai dorewa.
Jiyya na ruwa na masana'antu ya rufe filayen da yawa, ciki har da iko, sunadarai, da masana'antu, abinci, abinci yawanci ana iya tallata gwargwadon bukatun ingancin ruwa da ka'idojin da suka dace.
2.1 magance magani (sanannen ruwa ne)
Raw fitarin ruwa a cikin tsarin samar da ruwa a masana'antu musamman ya hada da tental na farko, Coagulation, daidaitawa, cirewar ph da tanki na ph. Ana amfani da sunadarai da aka saba sun hada da:
coagulants da masu ƙira: kamar Pac, Pam, Pdadmac, plyadmac, polyamins, alumin sulfate, da sauransu.
softe: kamar lemun tsami da sodium carbonate.
ccusinsives: kamar tcca, SDIC Hypochlorite, Ozone, Challine Dioxide, da sauransu.
ph adjusters: kamar aminosulfonic acid, sodium hydroxide, lemun tsami, sulfuric acid, da sauransu.
metal ion cire shi, ion musayar da sauransu,
scale inhibitor: Ogangophosphores, Orgeophosphorus Carboxylic acid, da sauransu.
adsorbents: kamar carbon, an kunna alumina, da sauransu.
Haɗin da amfani da waɗannan sinadarai na iya taimaka wa masana'antar ruwan masana'antu yadda yakamata cire batun da aka dakatar, kuma ka rage nauyin kayan samarwa.
2.2 Tsarin magani na ruwa
Tsarin magani a cikin tsarin samar da ruwa a masana'antu musamman ya hada da pretreces, mai laushi, deoxidation, baƙin ƙarfe da manganese na cirewa da kuma rarrabuwa da kamuwa da cuta. Kowane mataki yana buƙatar sinadarai daban-daban don inganta ingancin ruwa kuma tabbatar da aikin yau da kullun na kayan aiki daban-daban. Sunadarai na yau da kullun sun haɗa da:
| Coagulants da masu balaguron: | Irin su Pac, Pam, Pdadmac, polyamina, kayan kwalliya sulfate, da sauransu. |
| Mayu: | kamar lemun tsami da sodium carbonate. |
| Masu maye | Irin kamar TCCA, SDIC, ƙididdigar alli, ollor, chlorine dioxide, da sauransu. |
| ph adjusters: | kamar aminosulfonic acid, sodium hydroxide, lemun tsami, sulfuric acid, da sauransu. |
| Karfe ion na karfe: | Edta, ion musayar musayar |
| Scale inhibitor: | Ogrophosphosts, Kogin Orbohohosphosphorus Carboxylic acid, da sauransu. |
| Adsorbents: | Irin wannan carbon, kunnuwan alumina, da sauransu. |
These chemicals can meet the different needs of process water through different water treatment process combinations, ensure that water quality meets production standards, reduce the risk of equipment damage, and improve production efficiency.
2.3 Kewaya maganin ruwan sanyi
Circulacing magani ruwan sha shine muhimmin bangare na magani na ruwa na masana'antu, musamman ma a yawancin wuraren masana'antu (kamar tsire-tsire na sunadarai, da sauransu), inda tsarin sinadarai ana amfani dashi sosai don kayan sanyaya da matakai. Tsarin ruwan sanyi na sanyaya ruwan sanyi yana da saukin kamuwa da ƙarfi, lalata, haɓakar ƙwayar cuta da sauran matsaloli saboda yawan ƙarfin ruwa. Saboda haka, dole ne a yi amfani da hanyoyin kulawa da ruwa mai amfani don sarrafa waɗannan matsalolin kuma tabbatar da madaidaicin aikin tsarin.
Rushe maganin ruwan sanyi yana da niyyar hana fatar jiki, lalata da lalata a cikin tsarin kuma tabbatar da ingancin yanayin sanyi. Saka idanu manyan sigogi a cikin ruwan sanyi (kamar ta PH, taurin kai, ya rushe matsalolin ingancin ruwa, da sauransu) da kuma nazarin matsalolin ingancin ruwa don jiyya na tafiye-tafiye.
| Coagulants da masu balaguron: | Irin su Pac, Pam, Pdadmac, polyamina, kayan kwalliya sulfate, da sauransu. |
| Mayu: | kamar lemun tsami da sodium carbonate. |
| Masu maye | Irin kamar TCCA, SDIC, ƙididdigar alli, ollor, chlorine dioxide, da sauransu. |
| ph adjusters: | kamar aminosulfonic acid, sodium hydroxide, lemun tsami, sulfuric acid, da sauransu. |
| Karfe ion na karfe: | Edta, ion musayar musayar |
| Scale inhibitor: | Ogrophosphosts, Kogin Orbohohosphosphorus Carboxylic acid, da sauransu. |
| Adsorbents: | Irin wannan carbon, kunnuwan alumina, da sauransu. |
Wadannan sinadarai da hanyoyin kulawa suna taimakawa wajen hana daukar nauyin ruwan sanyi, tabbatar da lalacewar kayan aiki da kuma inganta kayan aiki, da inganta ingantaccen tsarin.
2.4 Jarilan magani
Za'a iya raba tsarin jiyyar masana'antar lalata. Kowane mahaɗi yana buƙatar sinadarai daban-daban don yin aiki tare don tabbatar da inganci da kuma cikakkiyar tsarin magani na ruwa.
An raba jeri na ruwa zuwa manyan hanyoyin uku: na jiki, sunadarai da nazarin halittu, domin biyan ka'idodin bakin ciki da rage gurɓatar muhalli.
Hanyar Jiki:Sedimation, Filmtration, flotation, da sauransu.
Hanyar sunadarai:Neutralization, Redox, hazo na sunics.
Hanyar ilimin halitta:Hanyar Sludge, membrane bioreactor (mbr), da sauransu.
Sunadarai na yau da kullun sun haɗa da:
| Coagulants da masu balaguron: | Irin su Pac, Pam, Pdadmac, polyamina, kayan kwalliya sulfate, da sauransu. |
| Mayu: | kamar lemun tsami da sodium carbonate. |
| Masu maye | Irin kamar TCCA, SDIC, ƙididdigar alli, ollor, chlorine dioxide, da sauransu. |
| ph adjusters: | kamar aminosulfonic acid, sodium hydroxide, lemun tsami, sulfuric acid, da sauransu. |
| Karfe ion na karfe: | Edta, ion musayar musayar |
| Scale inhibitor: | Ogrophosphosts, Kogin Orbohohosphosphorus Carboxylic acid, da sauransu. |
| Adsorbents: | Irin wannan carbon, kunnuwan alumina, da sauransu. |
Ta hanyar ingantaccen aikace-aikacen waɗannan sunadarai, za a iya magance radama a masana'antar lalatuwa da kuma sake yin amfani da su, suna taimakawa wajen rage yawan abubuwan da ake gurbata.
2.5 sake jingina na ruwa
Jin magani mai ruwa yana nufin hanyar gudanar da ruwa na ruwa wanda ke sake karanta ruwan sharar masana'antu bayan magani. Tare da kara karancin albarkatun ruwa, filayen masana'antu da yawa sun karɓi matakan sake amfani da ruwa mai amfani, wanda ba wai kawai yana ceton albarkatun ruwa, amma kuma yana rage farashin magani da fitarwa. Makullin don sake maganin maganin ruwa shine don cire gurɓataccen ruwa a cikin sharar gida saboda ingancin ruwa ya cika abubuwan da ake buƙata don sake yin amfani da shi, wanda ke buƙatar babban aiki da fasaha.
Tsarin aikin recycled ruwa yakan hada da wadannan hanyoyin masu zuwa:
Presreathment:Cire manyan barbashi na impurities da man shafawa, ta amfani da Pac, PAM, da dai sauransu.
Gyara PH:Daidaita PH, sunadarai da aka yi amfani da su sunadarai sun haɗa da sodium hydroxide, acid sulfuriic acid, calcium hydroxide, da sauransu.
Jiyya na Halittu:Cire lalata kwayoyin halitta, amfani da lalata microbial, yi amfani da ammonium chloride, sodium dhydragen phosphate, da dai sauransu.
Jiyya na sinadarai:Kwayoyin oxive na kwayoyin halitta da karafa masu nauyi, ozon da ake amfani da shi, persulfate, sodium sulfide, da sauransu.
Membrane rabuwa:Yi amfani da osmosis na baya, NanoFltration na olraftalith don cire narkar da abubuwan da aka narke, kuma tabbatar da ingancin ruwa.
Rashin daidaituwa:Cire microrganishms, yi amfani da chlorine, ozone, ƙididdigar alli ta, da sauransu.
Kulawa da daidaitawa:Tabbatar cewa ruwa mai amfani ya cika ka'idoji da kuma amfani da masu gudanar da aiki da kayan aiki don gyare-gyare.
An tuhuma:Suna kashe kumfa ko kawar da kumfa ta hanyar rage tashin hankali na ruwa da kuma lalata kwanciyar hankali na kumfa. (Abubuwan Aikace-aikacen Aikace-aikace na Aikace-aikacen: Tsarin magani na kwastomomi, jeri na sharar gida, magani na sharar jiki, jeri na abinci, da sauransu)
Calcium hypochlorite:Sun cire ƙazanta kamar su ammoniya nitrogen
Aikace-aikacen waɗannan hanyoyin da sunadarai suna tabbatar da cewa ingancin ruwan sharar magani ya haɗu da ƙa'idodin yin amfani da su yadda ya kamata, ba da damar a masana'antar ta masana'antu yadda ya kamata.
Yarjejeniyar ruwa mai mahimmanci muhimmin bangare ne na samar da masana'antu na zamani. Tsarin sa da zaɓin sinadarai suna buƙatar haɓaka gwargwadon takamaiman abubuwan buƙatun. Aikace-aikacen m aikace-aikacen sunadarai ba kawai inganta sakamakon magani bane kawai har ma rage farashi da rage tasirin kan muhalli. A nan gaba, tare da Ci gaban Fasaha da Inganta bukatun bukatun kare muhalli, maganin samar da masana'antu za su bunkasa cikin mafi wayo da kore.